ATM 511: Synoptic-Dynamic Meteorology
Instructor: Prof.
Ryan Torn (442.4560)
Course Objective: This course will apply the governing equations of the
atmosphere to understand the dynamics of synoptic to planetary-scale
features (> 1000~km), such as fronts, jet streaks, and cyclones.
Prerequisites: ATM 500, or consent of the instructor
Class meets: TR 9:00-10:20 a.m. in ETEC 483
Syllabus
Assignments
Links
General Circulation Impact:
Heat Fluxes,
Eliassen-Palm Flux Vectors,
EP Flux Convergence
Barotropic Instability:
Tropospheric Example
Downstream Development
Downstream Development
Baroclinic Cyclone Example, Hovmoller
Extratropical Transition Example, Hovmoller
Orlanski Conceptual Model (Orlanski and Shelton 1995)
ET and Cyclone Figure,
ET and Cyclone Hovmoller (Torn and Hakim 2015)
PV Evolution,
PV Tendency (Teubler and Riemer 2016)
LC-1 and LC-2:
Background State,
Intensity of Cyclones,
LC-1 Lifecycle,
LC-2 Lifecycle,
Conceptual Model
Cyclone Structure Models:
Norwegian vs. Shapiro-Keyser Model,
Oceanic Cyclone Structure,
300 hPa climatological flow during DJF,
Vortex in Diffluent Flow,
Vortex in Confluent Flow
Cyclone Air Streams
Conceptual Model
Eady Neutral Solution:
Positive Root,
Negative Root
Eady Decaying Solution:
Time 0
Eady Growing Solution:
Time 0,
Time 1,
Time 2,
Potential Temperature
Eady Model Dispersion Relationship:
Eady Phase Speed,
Eady Growth Rate
Diabatic Heating
Outflow Schematic
Polar Vorticies
Vortex Track,
Vortex Profiles,
Tropopause Vortex Tendency,
PV Tendency Time-Height
PV Cyclogenesis
Rapid Cyclogenesis:
Classical: Genesis Locations,
Rapid Deepening Locations,
Deepening Rates,
Cyclone Bomb Diagnosis
Modern: NH Cyclone Frequency,
SH Cyclone Frequency,
NH Cyclone Genesis,
SH Cyclone Genesis (Wernli and Schwierz 2006)
Upper-Level Fronts
Observations,
Cross Section,
AR Recon Example,
Conceptual Model of Development,
Keyser and Shapiro (1986) review
TC Circulation
Streamfunction,
Vertical Wind,
Radial Wind
(Shapiro and Willoughby 1982)
Circulation Characteristics
Large Inertial Stability,
Large Temperature Gradient,
Large Static Stability
(Hakim and Keyser 2001)
Cross Frontal Circulations
Conceptual Model (Carlson 1991),
QG vs. SG (Bluestein 1993)
Front Cross Section
Dynamical PV Inversion:
PV Distribution,
X-Y Inversion,
X-Z Inversion,
Mutual Interaction,
Full Paper
Statistical Inversion:
X-Y Cross Section,
X-Z Cross Section
Climatology of PV
Potential Vorticity:
Analysis Field,
Basic State,
F000 Anomaly,
F000 Anomaly (500 mb),
F012 Anomaly,
F024 Anomaly,
F036 Anomaly
Vortex Pair:
Vorticity,
Streamfunction Inversion,
Positive Vortex Inversion,
Negative Vortex Inversion
Vorticity Inversion (Negative):
Negative Vortex
Vorticity Inversion (Positive):
Vorticity,
Streamfunction,
Winds,
Double Amplitude
Thermal Wind Example
Ageostrophic Wind
Balances: Geostrophic Balance, Thermal Wind Balance
Tom Galarneau QG Diagnostics
Alicia Bentley Maps
850 hPa Temperatures
Satellite Loops
Weather Discussion Pages
January 2018 "Bomb": Visible,
IR
NCAR RAP Weather Page
Greg Hakim PV page
SLP-500 hPa Heights
Sat/Analysis Loop