Instructor: Prof. Ryan Torn (442.4560)

 
Course Objective: This course will apply the governing equations of the
atmosphere to understand the dynamics of synoptic to planetary-scale
features (> 1000~km), such as fronts, jet streaks, and cyclones.

 
Prerequisites: ATM 500, or consent of the instructor

 
Class meets: TR 9:00-10:20 a.m. in ETEC 483

 
Syllabus

 
Assignments

 
Links

General Circulation Impact: Heat Fluxes, Eliassen-Palm Flux Vectors, EP Flux Convergence

Barotropic Instability: Tropospheric Example

Downstream Development

Downstream Development
Baroclinic Cyclone Example, Hovmoller
Extratropical Transition Example, Hovmoller
Orlanski Conceptual Model (Orlanski and Shelton 1995)
ET and Cyclone Figure, ET and Cyclone Hovmoller (Torn and Hakim 2015)
PV Evolution, PV Tendency (Teubler and Riemer 2016)

LC-1 and LC-2: Background State, Intensity of Cyclones, LC-1 Lifecycle, LC-2 Lifecycle, Conceptual Model

Cyclone Structure Models: Norwegian vs. Shapiro-Keyser Model, Oceanic Cyclone Structure, 300 hPa climatological flow during DJF, Vortex in Diffluent Flow, Vortex in Confluent Flow

Cyclone Air Streams Conceptual Model

Eady Neutral Solution: Positive Root, Negative Root

Eady Decaying Solution: Time 0

Eady Growing Solution: Time 0, Time 1, Time 2, Potential Temperature

Eady Model Dispersion Relationship: Eady Phase Speed, Eady Growth Rate

Diabatic Heating Outflow Schematic

Polar Vorticies Vortex Track, Vortex Profiles, Tropopause Vortex Tendency, PV Tendency Time-Height

PV Cyclogenesis

Rapid Cyclogenesis: Classical: Genesis Locations, Rapid Deepening Locations, Deepening Rates, Cyclone Bomb Diagnosis
Modern: NH Cyclone Frequency, SH Cyclone Frequency, NH Cyclone Genesis, SH Cyclone Genesis (Wernli and Schwierz 2006)

Upper-Level Fronts Observations, Cross Section, AR Recon Example, Conceptual Model of Development, Keyser and Shapiro (1986) review

TC Circulation Streamfunction, Vertical Wind, Radial Wind (Shapiro and Willoughby 1982)

Circulation Characteristics Large Inertial Stability, Large Temperature Gradient, Large Static Stability (Hakim and Keyser 2001)

Cross Frontal Circulations Conceptual Model (Carlson 1991), QG vs. SG (Bluestein 1993)

Front Cross Section

Dynamical PV Inversion: PV Distribution, X-Y Inversion, X-Z Inversion, Mutual Interaction, Full Paper

Statistical Inversion: X-Y Cross Section, X-Z Cross Section

Climatology of PV

Potential Vorticity: Analysis Field, Basic State, F000 Anomaly, F000 Anomaly (500 mb), F012 Anomaly, F024 Anomaly, F036 Anomaly

Vortex Pair: Vorticity, Streamfunction Inversion, Positive Vortex Inversion, Negative Vortex Inversion

Vorticity Inversion (Negative): Negative Vortex

Vorticity Inversion (Positive): Vorticity, Streamfunction, Winds, Double Amplitude

Thermal Wind Example

Ageostrophic Wind

Balances: Geostrophic Balance, Thermal Wind Balance

Tom Galarneau QG Diagnostics

Alicia Bentley Maps

850 hPa Temperatures

Satellite Loops

 
Weather Discussion Pages

January 2018 "Bomb": Visible, IR

NCAR RAP Weather Page

Greg Hakim PV page

SLP-500 hPa Heights

Sat/Analysis Loop