The significance and value of a knowledge of the Geological Sciences
(or, why study rocks, mud, and dead bones?)

"Tell me about the past, and I will know the future" (Confucius)

Richter (Professor of Geophysics at Chicago, and a National Academy of Sciences member) claims (reference below**) that geology programs alone provide a unique, and uniquely valuable experience for university students in that only in geology do they get to combine a distinctively historical, and pragmatic, observational approach in combination with exact analytical/experimental techniques using highly sophisticated computational and analytical devices. We also maintain that only from the evidence of geology may students gain a full appreciation for the history of life; particularly for the immense time it has taken for life on earth to reach its present development, and for the huge changes in environmental conditions that have taken place in the geological past, with highly significant impact on all living things (for example, mass extinction events, including the event 65 million years ago which extinguished the dinosaurs). The recent geological past (20,000 yr), with rapid deglaciation and 120 meter rise in sea level, and large climatic changes, is particularly relevant. The changes brought about by humans over the last few hundred years, including very high rates of species extinctions, represents one of the most significant events in Earth's 4,500,000,000 year history (entirely derived, prior to the written and archaeological records, from the evidence of geology). Only students that have been exposed to courses in geology can be expected to appreciate fully the evidence for these things and the significance of the challenges and political choices that await us in the likely event of anthropogenically-induced global climate change. For the most part, the general public is poorly aware of the serious limitations of earth resources, particularly the fact the world's petroleum reserves are now at peak production and will be severely diminished within about 40 years. Geology is also the only program where students may learn about natural geological hazards (earthquakes, volcanos, landslides, floods, erosion, etc.) and the assessment, reduction and avoidance of these. Geology is also essential to understanding and planning rational responses to the needs for long-term radioisotope disposal, the remediation of contaminated groundwater, and the prevention of future pollution of groundwater by hazardous materials.

 **Richter, F. (1991). Geology and the university. Geotimes, v.36 (9), p. 5

So, why is this subject no longer being offered at the University at Albany? Good question - do ask the reponsible Albany administrator exactly that........

Global Warming/Climate Change - evidence from geology, and atmospheric science

Peak Oil - what the geologists say (and they, before anyone else, ought to know)

The alien in the globe - (he is us) - environmental degradation caused by humans, and the possibility (slim though it may be) of stopping it

Go to the Geological Sciences index page
Return to Bill's quotes

or, if you really won't accept the evidence for global climate change, the likely consequences, and peak oil, and the finite nature of hydrocarbon resources, or the destructive environmental effects of more than 7 billion humans on a small planet
uageo.www.expressspacetransit urges you to take the alternative of a free one-way (non-refundable) ticket to Alpha Centauri.......